Miniaturized Antenna Array-Based Novel Metamaterial Technology for Reconfigurable MIMO Systems
Yazarlar (3)
Humam Hussein
Karabük Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Karabük Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Doç. Dr. Ferhat ATASOY Karabük Üniversitesi, Türkiye
Taha A. Elwi
International Applied And Theoretical Research Center (Iatrc), Irak
International Applied And Theoretical Research Center (Iatrc), Irak
| Makale Türü |
Özgün Makale
(SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayınlanan tam makale)
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| Dergi Adı | Sensors (Q1) | ||
| Dergi ISSN | 1424-8220 Dergi Bilgileri (2023) | ||
| Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler | SCI-Expanded | ||
| Makale Dili | Türkçe | Basım Tarihi | 06-2023 |
| Cilt / Sayı / Sayfa | 23 / 13 / 5871–0 | DOI | 10.3390/s23135871 |
| Makale Linki | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/13/5871 | ||
| UAK Araştırma Alanları |
Görüntü İşleme
Yapay Zeka
Gömülü Sistemler
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| Özet |
| In this work, a highly miniaturized microstrip antenna array based on two elements is proposed for multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) application systems at sub-6 GHz frequency bands. The antenna is structured from a meander line in conjugate with an interdigital capacitor when excited through the monopole basic antenna. The proposed antenna elements are separated with a Minkowski factor-shaped metamaterial (MTM) column to achieve a separation distance (D) of 0.08λ at 3 GHz when printed on an FR-4 substrate. Later on, the antenna performance in terms of bandwidth and gain is controlled using a photonic process based on optical active switches based on light-dependent resistances (LDR). Therefore, the reconfiguration complexity with such a technique can be eliminated significantly without the need for a biasing circuit. The antenna design was conducted through several parametric studies to arrive at the optimal design that realizes the frequency bandwidth between 3 and 5.5 GHz with a maximum gain of about 4.5 dBi when all LDR terminals are off. For a wireless channel performance study-based massive MIMO environment, the proposed antenna is suitable to be configured in arrays of 64 × 64 elements. From this study, it was found the maximum bit error rate (BER) does not exceed 0.15 with a channel capacity (CC) of 2 Gbps. For validation, the antenna was fabricated based on two elements and tested experimentally. Finally, it was revealed that the measured results agree very well with simulations after comparing the theoretical calculations with the measured data. |
| Anahtar Kelimeler |
| 5G | BER | MIMO | MTM | reconfigurable | sub-6 |
BM Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları
| Atıf Sayıları | |
| Web of Science | 13 |
| Scopus | 22 |
| Google Scholar | 30 |